Copyright

Copyright is a legal concept, enacted by governments, giving the creator of an original work of authorship exclusive rights to control its distribution for a certain time period, after which the work enters the public domain. Generally, it is "the right to copy", but usually provides the author with other rights as well, such as the right to be credited for the work, to determine who may adapt the work to other forms, who may perform the work, who may financially benefit from it, and other, related rights. It is an intellectual property form (like the patent, the trademark, and the trade secret) applicable to any expressible form of an idea or information that is substantive and discrete. Copyright was initially conceived as a way for governments in Europe to restrict printing; the contemporary intent of copyright is to promote the creation of new works by giving authors control of and profit from them.
Copyright has been internationally standardized, lasting between fifty to a hundred years from the author's death, or a finite period for anonymous or corporate authorship; some jurisdictions have required formalities to establishing copyright, most recognize copyright in any completed work, without formal registration. Generally, copyright is enforced as a civil matter, though some jurisdictions do apply criminal sanctions.
Most jurisdictions recognize copyright limitations, allowing "fair" exceptions to the author's exclusivity of copyright, and giving users certain rights. The development of the Internet, digital media, computer network technologies, such as peer-to-peer filesharing, have prompted reinterpretation of these exceptions, introduced new difficulties in enforcing copyright, and inspired additional challenges to copyright law's philosophic basis. Simultaneously, businesses with great economic dependence upon copyright have advocated the extension and expansion of their copy rights, and sought additional legal and technological enforcement.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Copyrights

Fair use

Fair use

Fair use is a doctrine in United States copyright law that allows limited use of copyrighted material without requiring permission from the rights holders, such as use for scholarship or review. It provides for the legal, non-licensed citation or incorporation of copyrighted material in another author's work under a four-factor balancing test. The term "fair use" originated in the United States, but has been added to Israeli and the UK law as well; a similar principle, fair dealing, exists in some other common law jurisdictions. Civil law jurisdictions have other limitations and exceptions to copyright.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fair_use

Knowledge management (K.M.)

Knowledge Management (KM) comprises a range of practices used in an organisation to identify, create, represent, distribute and enable adoption of insights and experiences. Such insights and experiences comprise knowledge, either embodied in individuals or embedded in organisational processes or practice. KM has been an established discipline since 1995 with a body of courses in universities to include business administration, information systems, management, and library and information sciences . More recently, other schools, to include those focused on information and media, computer science, public health, and public policy, also have started to contribute. Many large companies and non-profit organisations have resources dedicated to internal KM efforts, often as a part of their 'Business Strategy', 'Information Technology', or 'Human Resource Management' departments . Several consulting companies also exist that provide strategy and advice regarding KM to these organisations.
KM efforts typically focus on organisational objectives such as improved performance, competitive advantage, innovation, developmental processes, the sharing of lessons learned, and continuous improvement of the organisation. KM efforts overlap with Organisational Learning, and may be distinguished from by a greater focus on the management of knowledge as a strategic asset and a focus on encouraging the exchange of knowledge. KM efforts can help individuals and groups to share valuable organisational insights, to reduce redundant work, to avoid 're-inventing the wheel' per se, to reduce training time for new employees, to retain intellectual capital as employees turnover in an organisation, and to adapt to changing environments and markets .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knowledge_management

Information systems

Information systems

The term information system (IS) sometimes refers to a system of persons, data records and activities that process the data and information in an organization, and it includes the organization's manual and automated processes. Computer-based information systems are the field of study for information technology, elements of which are sometimes called an "information system" as well, a usage some consider to be incorrect.

History of information systems

The study of information systems originated as a sub-discipline of computer science in an attempt to understand and rationalize the management of technology within organizations. It has matured into a major field of management, that is increasingly being emphasized as an important area of research in management studies, and is taught at all major universities and business schools in the world. Börje Langefors introduced the concept of "Information Systems" at the third International Conference on Information Processing and Computer Science in New York in 1965.
Information technology is a very important malleable resource available to executives. Many companies have created a position of Chief Information Officer (CIO) that sits on the executive board with the Chief Executive Officer (CEO), Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Chief Operating Officer (COO) and Chief Technical Officer (CTO).The CTO may also serve as CIO, and vice versa.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Systems

Information technology (IT)

Information technology (IT), as defined by the Information Technology Association of America (ITAA), is "the study, design, development, implementation, support or management of computer-based information systems, particularly software applications and computer hardware." IT deals with the use of electronic computers and computer software to convert, store, protect, process, transmit, and securely retrieve information.
Today, the term information technology has ballooned to encompass many aspects of computing and technology, and the term is more recognizable than ever before. The information technology umbrella can be quite large, covering many fields. IT professionals perform a variety of duties that range from installing applications to designing complex computer networks and information databases. A few of the duties that IT professionals perform may include data management, networking, engineering computer hardware, database and software design, as well as the management and administration of entire systems.
When computer and communications technologies are combined, the result is information technology, or "infotech". Information Technology (IT) is a general term that describes any technology that helps to produce, manipulate, store, communicate, and/or disseminate information. Presumably, when speaking of Information Technology (IT) as a whole, it is noted that the use of computers and information are associated.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology

Evaluation

What is evaluation?

Evaluation is about using monitoring and other information you collect to make judgements about your project. It is also about using the information to make changes and improvements.
Evaluation aims to answer agreed questions and to make a judgement against specific criteria. Like other research, for a good evaluation, data must be collected and analysed systematically, and its interpretation considered carefully. Assessing 'value' - or the worth of something - and then taking action makes evaluation distinctive. The results of an evaluation are intended to be used.
There are many different perspectives and approaches to evaluation. Answering questions such as 'Why are we doing it?' 'Who is the evaluation for?' and 'What are the key issues to address?' will help you decide whether you wish to self-evaluate or to have an external evaluation. The questions will help you to think about what you want to focus on. For example, this could be:

• your organisational structure and how it works
• how you carry out your services or activities
• how users experience the project
• what changes or benefits the project brings about

Why evaluate?

For learning and development
Monitoring and evaluating your services will help you assess how well you are doing in order to help you do it better. It is about asking what has happened and why - what is and what is not working. It is about using evaluation to learn more about an organisation's activities, and then using what has been learnt.
For accountability - to show others that you are effective
Funders and other 'stakeholders' want to know whether a project has spent its money appropriately. There is pressure from funders to provide them with evidence of success. Many projects have to respond to this demand in order to survive.
Evaluation for learning and development
Using evaluation to learn more about an organisation's activities, and then using what has been learnt.
Evaluation for accountability
To demonstrate achievements.
There may be some tension between these two approaches. But it is important for many voluntary organisations to find ways in which both the need for accountability and the need for learning can be met. Many funders are also becoming more interested not only in whether a project has worked, but why.
The purpose of evaluation will change the type of questions asked. For accountability, the questions might be:

• has the project worked?
• how has money been spent?
• should the project continue?

http://www.ces-vol.org.uk/index.cfm?pg=167

Information Literacy

Information literacy skills are skills you will need through your life. We are always seeking information. What car or stereo should I buy? Which college should I choose? Which book should I read next? How can I sell this idea to my boss? How can I convince the school board to act on my proposal? Information helps us reach conclusions, make our choices, and communicate more effectively. But the good stuff is often buried in heaps of junk. We need to continue to improve our searching, evaluating and communication skills in a changing information environment.

http://www.sdst.org/shs/library/infolit.html

search engine

Web search engine is a search engine designed to search for information on the World Wide Web. Information may consist of web pages, images, information and other types of files. Some search engines also mine data available in newsbooks, databases, or open directories. Unlike Web directories, which are maintained by human editors, search engines operate algorithmically or are a mixture of algorithmic and human input.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_search_engine

History of Internet

The Internet is a global system of interconnected computer networks that interchange data by packet switching using the standardized Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). It is a "network of networks" that consists of millions of private and public, academic, business, and government networks of local to global scope that are linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, and other technologies.
The Internet carries various information resources and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer and file sharing, online gaming, and the inter-linked hypertext documents and other resources of the World Wide Web (WWW).

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet

Anniversary Flowers

Anniversary Flowers Basket Cake 1,890 Baht. Very special for your love one in any occasion with our 2 pound vanilla cake. Free delivery by CAKE 2 Thailand ®

- Flowers cake is Only delivery in Bangkok.
- Please order 2 day in advance
- Free gift card with personal message.
- Free! a box of candle & plastic cake knife.

Price: 1,890- Baht
http://www.cake2thailand.com/-p-83.html

sex and the city

After moving in together in an impossibly beautiful New York apartment, Carrie Bradshaw and Mr. Big make a rather arbitrary decision to get married. The wedding itself proves to be anything but a hasty affair--the guest list quickly blooms from 75 to 200 guests, and Carrie's simple, label-less wedding gown gives way to an enormous creation that makes her look like a gigantic cream puff. An upcoming photo spread in Vogue puts the event--which will take place at the New York Public Library--squarely in the public eye. Meanwhile, Carrie's girlfriends--Samantha, the sexpot; Charlotte, the sweet naïf; and Miranda, the rigid perfectionist--could not be happier. At least, they couldn't be happier for Carrie. Charlotte still has the unrealized hope of getting pregnant. Samantha is finding a loving, committed relationship more grueling than she could have imagined. Miranda unwittingly lets her own unhappiness--created when Steve admits to cheating on her just once--spoil Carrie's. After a heated encounter with Steve, she happens to spot Mr. Big and tells him he's crazy to get married. She's really only thinking of her own marriage. But her angry remark gets Mr. Big to thinking.

Hotal and spa video

Practical®Studio

Practical®Studio is a group of Thai graphic designers whose experience is both in professional practice and graphic design education. In respond to the social and cultural phenomenon, we employ our philosophy with our design skills to show that our design is valuable in terms of “practical”. Little Bite : A Bakery Shop@ Sukhumvit 107 (Soi Baring 62)

http://practicalbkk.blogspot.com/2007/10/little-bite-bakery-shop.html

BOAT BAKERY

BOAT BAKERY was founded in Pattaya in 1967 and named after the founder’s beloved son. Boat Bakery began creating dozens of cake and pastry recipes and watched the business rapidly expand. Several years later Boat Bakery opened its head office in Rattanathibet Road in Bangkok. By this time Boat Bakery introduced the original and innovative 3-Dimension cakes and it was just what their customers were craving.
Boat Bakery has become well known for their 3-D cakes, with customers choosing from a wide selection of designs from sport themed cakes such as a basketball court or a swimming pool cake, to animal themed cakes such as the zoo, circus or sea animals.
Perhaps the biggest Boat Bakery fans are children who delight in an amusement park themed cake complete with roller coasters and merry-go-rounds. Boat Bakery also has 3-D cakes for all major holidays such as Valentines, New Years and Christmas, or customers can order a custom made cake to perfectly suit any occasion.
Despite its phenomenal success, Boat Bakery is still a family run business producing not only 3-D cakes, but the finest quality homemade baked goods such as pies, puff pastries and breads. And the Rattanathibet Road location also offers a full sit down menu.
For over 30 years Boat Bakery has been creating delicious and unique baked goods and will continue to draw upon its long history and experience to offer its customer the best products available.

http://www.boatbakery.net/home.php

Chocolate Cake , L8

Chocolate Cake L8 2 pounds 1,450 Baht. Free delivery in Bangkok by Cake 2 Thailand ®- This chocolate cake is Only delivery in Bangkok. - Please order 2 day in advance - Free gift card with personal message. - Free! a box of candle & plastic cake knife.

Price: 1,450- Baht http://www.cake2thailand.com/-p-56.html

Mail Order Celebration Cakes

Welcome to our website and online shop where you can buy a cake from our bakery for delivery to any UK mainland address.

In a hurry? Click here to send a last minute, mail order birthday cake for next day delivery, or order now and choose your delivery date.


Corporate Cakes

We can supply a range of promotional bakery goods - large cakes, mini cakes (fairy cakes, muffins and cupcakes) decorated with an edible Company Logo, branding, or any artwork.

Click here for more information on branded Logo Cakes

Choose from the links on the left to order online from our range of unique cakes. From large party cakes, decorated cakes and photo cakes to individual mini cakes, cupcakes (fairy cakes), mini muffins, novelty shaped cakes and custom designs.

We deliver personalised gift cakes by post for any celebration - a birthday, anniversary, or any special occasion.
http://www.caketoppers.co.uk/

Dafna's Cake

Dafna's Cheese Cake Factory is a well known cake bakery in the Liverpool area.
Dafna specialises in producing quality cakes, all made to non-commercial recipes,
utilising domestic kitchen equipment. Cheesecake, produced in ten flavours,
is the most popular product.
A range of wheat-free cakes and a range of dairy free cakes are in stock.
In addition to over fifty cakes and desserts, Dafna sells quality confectionery,
homemade vegetarian meals and imported Belgian chocolates.
http://www.dafna.co.uk/